Northeast at a turning point: Amit Shah sees AFSPA-free future

Guwahati, June 14: Union Home Minister Amit Shah on Saturday expressed optimism that most of the Northeast could be free from the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act (AFSPA) by next year, citing the region’s improving security situation and its growing focus on development.

Speaking during the signing of a tripartite MoU between the Centre, Assam and Nagaland for the joint exploration of crude oil and natural gas along the inter-state border, Shah said that more than 80 per cent of the Northeast has already been brought out of AFSPA’s ambit.

For decades, AFSPA remained a defining feature of governance in several Northeastern states due to insurgency and security challenges. However, the situation has changed significantly over the past decade, driven by a series of peace accords, the surrender of insurgent cadres and coordinated security operations.

Assam stands as one of the strongest examples of this transformation.

After remaining under AFSPA for more than three decades, the state began a phased withdrawal of the law in 2022. Following subsequent reviews, AFSPA now remains in force only in a handful of districts, including Tinsukia, Charaideo and Sivasagar.

Officials attribute this shift to stronger intelligence-based policing, improved coordination between state and central agencies, and multiple peace agreements with insurgent groups operating in the region.

The improved security environment is also beginning to open new avenues for economic growth. Shah cited the Assam-Nagaland hydrocarbon exploration agreement as an example of how peace and stability are creating opportunities for investment, infrastructure development and regional cooperation.

While challenges remain in certain pockets, the Northeast today is increasingly being defined by development rather than conflict.

If the current trajectory continues, the region could soon witness one of the most significant milestones in its modern history — a Northeast that is largely free from AFSPA.

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